Compare and Contrast between Vertigo and Forrest Gump Essay

Compare and Contrast between Vertigo and Forrest Gump - Essay Example Scottie tails her when she visits the art gallery to view Carlotta’s portrait, later she purchases florets similar to those in the Carlotta's portrait, before visiting a hotel which was Carlotta’s former room and her graveyard. Afterwards, he saves her from imminent death and he begins efforts to free her from her obsession. However, he loses her. Later, when he meets a girl on the streets with an eerie semblance to Madeleine, his personal obsession starts, and he attempts to remake her to Madeleine. Many movements are found in this movie. One movement widely used in vertigo is zoom and dolly. A dolly shot involves capturing the images with cameras attached to a mobile platform (dolly) (Boogs 45). The platform could be fitted with wheels or it could be a track to enable the actions to be recorded several times if need be. It is widely applied in the movie to follow different scenes especially where two individuals are walking as they talk. This shot may engross followin g a particular exploit such as two people walking while engaged in a conversation. In the zoom movement, the focal length lens is varied resulting in the scene being close or far. However, this makes the films appear unnatural. The movie vertigo effectively combines these two techniques to Alfred Hitchcock made effectual utilization of an amalgamation of a zoom and a "dolly" in the movie Vertigo to display Scottie’s acrophobia. For instance, when Scottie ascents to the tall bell turret and gazes down, the quick pulling back of the camera and the simultaneous zooming of the focal lens from wide angle to telephoto illustrates this phenomenon (Locke). The outcome of this movement is that objects that were close continue the unchanged size while the near objects seemed to stay the same size but the foot of the turret in the distance appeared rushed up to the viewers, thereby effectively creating a perturbing sense of dizziness and lightheadedness. Vertigo is a quite constrained m ovie that greatly applies the 180-degree rule. It is largely acted in the third person and employs continuity editing although there are few first person acts. It appears that the third person acts were mostly abridged from many short-range and long-range camera shots and movements resulting in a fine flow. The first person acts have different camera movements and abridging techniques including numerous fast camera movements, long and crane shots, and cutout, montage editing. Some specific camera movements that are clearly demonstrated are the fluid, zoom-in recording and the 360-degree pan. The former is brought out at the restaurant when Scottie begins to follow Madeleine while the latter is shown when Scottie meets Judy and remakes her to Madeleine. In swish or whip pan, the camera movement is so quick that the pictures are blurred. This is used to produce a vertiginous effect of weightlessness (Boggs, 54). Forest Gump is a story of a simpleton’s epic journey all the way t hrough existence in the later half of the 20th century. While on the way, he stumbles upon real-life historical figures and participates in actual historical events. Forrest is the embodiment of traditional values such as worshipping God, honoring the parents and doing he is told, and never questions authority. He succeeds in life by embracing the values of mainstream society. The movie Forrest Gump is very discontinuous and

Lost Art Of Letters English Language Essay

Lost Art Of Letters English Language Essay Writers often say that they do not know what they think until they put pen to paper. Putting pen to paper is a very different experience than typing on a machine. Letter writing is a lost art. Writing a letter is giving a gift of oneself. Its about sharing; it creates a two-way relationship. Addressee and writer connect and through the power of the written word give each other back to one another. For this reason, in a time of narcissistic monologues in which we do not know how to say you, there is little space for letter writing. There was a time when writing letters was our only means of communicating over long distances. In todays world, we can pick up a phone and speak to anyone anywhere in a second or two. Whether personal or business related, people pick up a phone before they pick up a pen. Over time technology and the need for speed has left the letter a thing of the past. With new forms of communication people dont seem to realize the how impersonal and sloppy text messaging , email, cards, and the telephone really are. (Affonso) Yes, all of these things are wonderful in one way or another and benefit today greatly, but nothing is savored, thought out, or meaningful. Interacting is an important component of communication. Is there something meaningful you need to say? Not only can you buy Happy Birthday and Get Well Soon cards, these days you can express any sentiment Hallmark style. Today you can go to the grocery store and buy a card to say just about anything. I Miss You, and Sorry we had a disagreement, Thinking of you, and even something as rude as an over the hill cards complete with headstones. Granted, they are nice gestures, but theyre still somebody elses words. Who really meant what the card has to say, Hallmark or the sender? Am I to be touched by this heartfelt gesture because you passed the aisle with cards on your way to pick up toilet paper? Im sorry to be dismissive. I know that most people truly feel what the card is trying to convey. I myself sometimes buy cards like these, but I write a note or letter to say it in my own words as well. Cards are just another way to shorthand true feelings and human emtion. B4, lol, jk, ROLFL, Luv u. Let us not forget the evermore ubiquitous e-mail and Instant Message. Why take the time to write a heartfelt letter when you can sit down, put your thoughts into a few brief sentences often incomplete and twisted with abbreviated language and send it off into the the atmosphere of the internet? Schools are suffering because of the prevalence of text speak. Schools are finding that because of the placement of technology in the classroom it has replaced communication. This is handicapping students communication skills and leaving them unprepared for the real world, real jobs, and real relationships. Without learning to communicate professionally it will be more difficult if not impossible for a student of this generation to know how to correctly send an email to a colleague or boss. (Minster) A level of professionalism must be conveyed to convince employers of your aptitude of speech and communication to maintain or rise in the professional world. I long to receive a three page, heart-rending, soppy letter, filled with words carefully chosen and eternal. Maybe Im just a hopelessly romantic dreamer, or just downright old-fashioned. Of all letters, the love-letter should be the most carefully prepared.   Among the written missives, they are the most thoroughly read and re-read, and the longest preserved. What I envy most are the grandmothers who can pull out their bundle of letters. Usually tied up with string or kept in a carved wooden box those letters reveal feelings of the past. History gives us knowledge but letters gives feeling and emotion. Some of the most powerful letters written are those of soldiers writing home to their wives and families. Sarah my love for you is deathless, it seems to bind me with mighty cables that nothing but Omnipotence could break; and yet my love of Country comes over me like a strong wind and bears me unresistibly on with all these chains to the battle field. Those words of the heart could never have brought the same emotion over a text message or sent in a hallmark greeting card (Lost Art of Letter Writing).Those final words to his beloved wife are the last he would ever write, and she would keep the carbon copy of his love forever. The danger of losing this form of communication is that we will become the first generation in history to leave no written record of ourselves. If George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, or Ernest Hemingway had only used e-mail, would we have the same record of them that we possess through their letters and journals today? Probably not. We may have the facts downà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the part of history we all fall asleep throughà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦but the story would be lost. The feelings and emotions would not exist. John Adams epic letters to his wife Abigail would most likely be erased from time and the hard drive had they not written some of the most famous love letters of all time. Even if they did, it is still not the same as a letter. A letter is a personal thing, even more now because we receive so few of them. They matter because they are personal in an increasingly disconnected world, and because they take time and effort to produce. Night after night, you log onto your computer and talk with your online date for hours. At first, this is exciting and you wait all day for the time you get to sign onto the Internet. However, after a few months, its not as exciting and you are bored. Having the same type of interactions with someone over time can cause the relationship to end. The best way to keep it alive is to find other ways to make it new and exciting. Try scheduling time to get together or chat on the phone rather than via e-mail or instant messenger. Not everyone can or should fight fires, race cars, paint portraits, or sing karaoke publicly. Its fine; were all different, and as Jane Austen said, One half of the world cannot understand the pleasure of the other. Online dating is no different. Maybe all the cool kids are doing it; maybe your friends are urging you to take cursor in hand and dip into the digital dating pool. Relationships take work but Internet ones take even more work. Internet dating means you have to schedule in time for your computer to sit and chat or your new friend will simply pick out a new profile and try again. Internet dating takes more effort because you have to share so much of yours elf in a very impersonal way. (Caplan). Not only does it take more effort but it takes a lot of bravery. How do you know that you can trust Mike Dexter, the hunky fireman who volunteers at animal shelters on the weekendà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦or so his profile says. For all you know he could be an eighty year old man allergic to dogs. What happened to the organic way of dating? What happened to the boy meets girl and so on and so forth. Now days if we want to impress someone of the opposite gender, its not your hair that needs an updo..its your profile on facebook that needs an update! Internet dating may work for some, but there is nothing personal or romantic about you, your bunny slippers, your PC, and good old Ben and Jerry to keep you company. We have done away with hand written letters and notes in the name of time. Because we live in the fast paced twenty first century, millions of people spend their time figuring out a way to get things done faster and more efficiently. Email and text messaging are wonderful advances. They help businesses and companies overseas stay in touch with each other. It ensures aid to countries in need when disaster strikes. It is wonderful for places like ebay and online shopping. Student teacher relationships are easily communicated via email when there is a problem or misunderstanding. However when it comes to matters of the heart, there is something to be said for the letter. It is intimate, it is personal and it communicates more than just a desire to stay in touch.

Health: Obesity and Overall Personal Feelings

The health/nutrition problem that I will be targeting will be my weight. The other problems will be affected by the weight which would be blood pressure, risk of getting diabetes, low energy, depression, etc. Four nutritional or physical exercise goals that I have are to lose at least 100 pounds, lower blood pressure, increase energy and confidence and lower risk of obtaining any other health problems such as diabetes. The actions that will be taken to meet each goal are to obtain a membership to an exercise facility, obtain a membership with a trainer, and work with trainer on an exercise plan and a nutritional plan as well. The anticipated setbacks or difficulties and approaches for overcoming them are the temptations to eating unhealthy foods in which I will remove myself from the situation so those temptations will not be available, loss of interest when it comes to actually going to working out either alone or with trainer in which I will change plan slightly to keep motivated enough to keep going. What I see as outcomes by which to measure success is the way that clothes are fitting will help determine the success of weight loss and weigh-in once a week to determine weight loss success. Evidence of the Plan’s effectiveness in addressing the identified problem or need will be the main piece of evidence in which will be my overall personal feelings and looks after goal is reached. Evaluation of potential health risks that may develop if the plan is not implemented is if I don’t follow through with this goal of losing the weight needed in order to improve my health then the risks involved could be higher blood pressure, end up diabetes, possible heart attack, depression worsens, etc. There are many different ways that my plan may be adjusted if there is a time when I am not physically capable of following through. I could step down the cardio workouts that I am currently on now. At this time I do between 30 to 45 minutes cardio Monday through Friday in the early morning before work. After working a full eight hours on my feet at work I then do an hour walk home. In the past when I was having abdominal pains I would remove the walk home from work.

Desktop Operating Systems Annotated Bibliography

Desktop Operating Systems SD1430 Intro to Mobile OS Desktop Operating Systems When considering the history of operating systems, you must first understand what an operating system is. An operating system is the software that manages a computer’s hardware, resources and provides common services. The operating system is an essential component of the system software in a computer. The operating system tells the computer what to do by controlling system resources, such as, the processor, memory and disk space. The operating system allows the user to work and interact on a computer without having to know about how the hardware works. One of the most essential tasks of the operating system is to control the computers resources. Operating systems can allocate resources as necessary to ensure that applications each receive the appropriate amount. In addition to resource allocation, operating systems provide an application interface. This allows applications to use the hardware in the same way. An application interface also allows software written on one computer to be run on other types of computers. Operating systems have come a long way over the years, and, just as there are different types of hardware and software, there are different types of operating systems as well. Some of these types include Real-Time, Multi-User, Multitasking and single-tasking, Distributed and Templeted. There are many different brands and manufactures for these different types of operating systemsShow MoreRelated Networking Report Essay6037 Words   |  25 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) 25.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ACCOUNT SECURITY 26.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;CONCLUSION 27.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;RECOMMENDATION 28.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;BIBLIOGRAPHY 29.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 30.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;APPENDICES APPENDIX 1.1: THE SERVER APPENDIX 1.2: THE NETWORK CARD APPENDIX 1.3: THE ROUTER INTRODUCTION I have decided to research into Networking as myRead MoreGeographic Information Systems (Gis)2537 Words   |  11 PagesGEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) AND TERRORIST ATTACKS OF OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING AND THE WORLD TRADE CENTER Submitted To Mark Stallo School of Graduate Studies Of Tiffin University In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the graduate course Geographic Information Systems ENF 622 In the School of Criminal Justice Summer Quarter 2006 by Oscar Young Geographic Information Systems (GIS) And Terrorist Attacks Of Oklahoma City Bombing And The World TradeRead MoreThe Use of the Sap System in the Aviation Industry: a Case Study of Mtu Aero Engines Poland10942 Words   |  44 PagesTHE USE OF THE SAP SYSTEM IN THE AVIATION INDUSTRY: A CASE STUDY OF MTU AERO ENGINES POLAND WITOLD MOTYKA A Research Project Report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for  the  Degree of BSc (Hons) Logistics, School of Applied Sciences, The University of  Huddersfield, 2011. 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Critical Appraisal of Qualitative Journal Article Essay

Introduction Everyone possess critical thinking skills but when it comes to criticize a journal article it can be difficult for the first time, one of the best ways to develop critical thinking and reading skills is to use some strategies when reading and evaluating a research study (Wood Haber,1998). The following essay it is going to focus in a critique of a qualitative journal article by giving its strengths and weakness, critical appraisal it is going to be done with support from different references and frameworks relevant to a qualitative study. Title Crombie Davies (1997) stated that the article title gives an understanding of what the study is going to be about and the author intentions of how the study will be done. The†¦show more content†¦There are not any gasps in the knowledge base and the author seems to be well informed about communication in radiography, from first view the content of abstract is well organised with clear rationale aims to perform a qualitative study (Bassett,2004). Introduction and Background In this section the author provides the general problem of the study and main reasons for producing this study are explained ,however (Booth,2007) recognise that the actual study form a part of ‘‘wider empirical study’’ , in this case the author uses the results from previous study to generate a new theory, the author didn’t came in the study with an open-minded view (Davis, 1997). 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Filtered resources are the superlative quality of studies related to evidence-based practice and encompasses systemic reviews, critically

Socrates And Niccolo Machiavelli - 1735 Words

Essay 1: Socrates and Machiavelli Although Socrates and Niccolo Machiavelli lived in different time periods, the political climate that their philosophies were founded on were very similar. The trial of Socrates began after the Peloponnesian War when the new Spartan Tyranny took over the Athenian government. Socrates was accused of corrupting the youth and disrespecting the gods by the Spartan government. In the eyes of the Spartan government Socrates is a gadfly because of his posing of upsetting questions directed at authorities. This posed a major threat to the new society they were trying to create in Athens after the war was over. Plato wrote The Apology and Crito from the perspective of Socrates after he was put on trial, found†¦show more content†¦He believed that the sovereign is primarily judged based on his success and not on the process he took to get there or the characteristics he displays. Socrates on the other hand would question the nobles until they felt inferior and encourage the government to become more virtuous, a suggestion that Machiavelli says his Prince would shut down: â€Å"it is necessary that he should be prudent enough to avoid the scandal of those vices which would lose him the state, and guard himself if able to, he can indulge them with less scruple† (Machiavelli 57). Machiavelli believes that in some cases it is better to harbor bad characteristics if it means protecting the state, adding to his point that the ends justify the means. Socrates was a firm believer that the pursuit of truth and perfecting the soul outweighed the privileges of being the wealthy and honorable leader that Machiavelli describes. Socrates believed that extra riches would not bring extra happiness and the only real knowledge is that we know nothing. No body or ruler is truly wise or â€Å"wealthy† of knowledge until they admit that they really know nothing, start to ask questions and get educated on matters that they are unfamiliar with. Only then will the aristoc rats and rulers truly be able to be successful in leading a democratic society. Machiavelli’s Prince uses the laws of society and his power to control the population just enough so they didn’t feel like they were beingShow MoreRelatedNiccolo Machiavelli And Socrates1768 Words   |  8 Pagesphilosophers. Odds are, Niccolà ² Machiavelli and Socrates are among the five. Growing up in different times with similar abundant political turmoil and uncertainty, Machiavelli and Socrates developed ideas of how to deal with such unrest. On one hand, Machiavelli’s ideas resulted in a work titled The Prince, informing leaders how he believed they should conduct themselves in order to be effective. In Machiavelli’s mind, an effective leader is one that keeps his state united. 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By questioning the people of Athens through their period of turmoil following a shift in government, Socrates was able to formulate opinions regarding how a government should operate and how people should rule. Centuries later during the Renaissance era, Machiavelli’sRead MorePolitical Theorists, Niccolo Machiavelli And Socrates1630 Words   |  7 PagesPolitical theorists, Niccolo Machiavelli and Socrates, formulated their thoughts in heightened political climates in their respective countries leading to their definitive and explicit opinions surrounding how a governm ental system should be run. The government systems proposed by both theorists are vastly different due to what each individual prioritizes in terms of political necessities. Machiavelli’s concept is to describe the means in obtaining power in order to define a political structure thatRead MoreThe Last Days Of Socrates And Niccolo Machiavelli s The Prince And The Discourses1651 Words   |  7 PagesLast Days of Socrates, and Niccolo Machiavelli’s The Prince and The Discourses. Both pieces take place during political uncertainty with surrounding societal turmoil. Each take a different approach to how these issues must be dealt with. They each have their own construct of an ideal political regime which, at times overlap, but at others do not. Machiavelli seeks to gain power and wealth while Socrates seeks to gain knowledge and justice. It is because of these differences that Socrates would disapproveRead MoreComparsion of Realism and Idealism in Niccolo Machiavelli ´s The Prince and Socrates ´ Plato ´s Republic1101 Words   |  5 PagesWhen speaking of Niccolà ² Machiavelli from The Prince and Socrates, from Plato’s Republic, there is no way to avoid the clash between realism and idealism. The contrasting of both of these states of minds, when it comes to ruling a city, per se, is fascinating because, while they are extremely different, they’re perceiving the same objective: ruling a civilization successfully. Machiavelli uses the concepts of virtà ¹, fortuna, and free-will to describe political success. On the other hand, in TheRead MoreCompare And Contrast Socrates And Machiavelli1419 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates vs. Machiavelli: The meaning of truth As philosophers, both Socrates and Niccolo Machiavelli developed theories in response to the warring political environment around them. However, the theories and principles developed by the two philosophers are vastly different in regard to the concept of truth, Socrates would hate Machiavelli’s model prince due to Machiavelli’s manipulative view of truth. While Socrates desired a state that focuses on fundamental truth and ethical decisions, MachiavelliRead MoreMachiavelli And Socrates1713 Words   |  7 PagesSocrates and Niccolà ² Machiavelli were both political philosophers who lived through corruption, violence, and political restlessness. These circumstances prompted them to develop their own solutions for their respective societies. This included the creation of a stable political system with a strong and effective leader through the examination of the faults of said societies. To Machiavelli, this leader is known as the â€Å"Prince.† He believes that the Prince should be pragmatic in his actions, andRead MoreA Comparison Of The Apology And Niccolo Machiavelli And The Prince1513 Words   |  7 PagesPlato’s The Apology and Niccolo Machiavelli’s The Prince provide two opposing views of the ideal ruler and government. The seminal works attempt to uncover the true definition of justice which becomes the basis from which they craft their vision of effective civil leadership. The two men, both influenced by the times of similar conflict and chaos in which they worked, espouse divergent beliefs regarding proper and effective authority. This difference is rooted in a fundamental incongruity betweenRead MoreEssay about Niccolo Machiavelli1653 Words   |  7 Pages According to legend, just before his death, Niccolo Machiavelli told his friends that had remained faithful to him up until the very end about a dream he had had. In his dream, he had seen a group of peasants, wretched and decrepit in appearance. He asked them who they were. They replied, ‘We are the saintly and the blessed; we are on our way to heaven.’ Then he saw a crowd of formally attired men, aristocratic and grim in appearance, speaking solemnly of important political matters. Again, he

The Labor Orgnizations Free Essays

I intend to explain in great detail the major issues relative to the unionization process, the act, which governs, and the independent agency, which polices it. I will also show what organizations do to make it difficult to implement the process relative to unfair practices. The NLRA (National Labor Relations Act) was enacted by Congress in 1935. We will write a custom essay sample on The Labor Orgnizations or any similar topic only for you Order Now It has the power to regulate interstate commerce and to govern the employer/employee bargaining and union relationship on a national level. The NLRA was amended by the Labor Management Relations (Taft-Hartley) Act in 1947 and the Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure (Landrum-Griffen) Act in 1959. Most employers and employees involved in businesses that affect interstate commerce in any way are regulated by the act. The NLRA gives employees the right to determine for themselves whether they wish to be represented by a union. If the majority of the employees in an appropriate bargaining unit indicate that they support a union a certification of representative is issued. Generally, this designation or †showing of interest† contains a statement that the employees want to be represented for collective bargaining purposes by a specific labor organization. The showing of interest must be signed by each employee and each employee’s signature must be dated. These elections are conducted under laboratory conditions to ensure that the election represents the free choice of the employees. Violation of the laboratory conditions, or of the 24-hour silent period rules may result in the NLRB invalidating the election results. The twenty-four-hour silent period is intended to give the employees time to reflect upon their choice free from electioneering pressures. The NLRB (National Labor Relations Board) is an independent federal agency established to enforce the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA). As an independent agency, they are not part of any other government agency such as the Department of Labor. Congress has empowered the NLRB to conduct secret-ballot elections so employees may exercise a free choice whether a union should represent them for bargaining purposes. A secret-ballot election will be conducted only when a petition requesting an election is filed. Although representation elections conducted by the NLRB are the most common means through which unions acquire representation rights, an employer may also voluntarily recognize a union as bargaining representative for a group of employees when the union demonstrates majority support. This can happen provided that the employer has no reasonable doubt of the employees’ preference and that recognition is not granted for the purpose of assisting one particular union at the expense of another seeking to represent the same employees. A bargaining unit is 4a group of two or more employees who share a †community of interest† and may reasonably be grouped together for collective bargaining purposes. The NLRB is responsible for ensuring that any election in a representation case is conducted in an appropriate unit. A unit is usually described by the type of work done or jobs classification of employees for example, production and maintenance employees or truckdrivers. In some cases, the number of facilities to be included in a bargaining unit is at issue, and the number of locations to be involved may describe a unit. For example, in the retail industry, the NLRB may need to determine whether employees at a single store or whether a bargaining unit consisting of several stores is appropriate. Generally, the appropriateness of a bargaining unit is determined on the basis of the community of interest of the employees involved. Union or employees may file a petition for a decertification election. This petition, which can be filed by anyone seeking an election to determine whether the authority of a union to act as a bargaining representative of employees should continue. The signatures of 30 percent or more of the employees in the bargaining unit represented must support it. These signatures may be on separate cards or on a single piece of paper. Generally, this showing of interest contains a statement that the employees do not wish to be represented for collective-bargaining purposes by the existing labor organization. Each employee must sign the showing of interest and each employee’s signature must be dated. When a petition is filed, the NLRB will determine whether the contract bar rule precludes holding an election. If it doesn’t the NLRB must then determine an appropriate bargaining unit. The contract bar rule is a written labor contract, which bars an election during the life of the bargaining agreement. Unions may also acquire representation rights through unfair labor practice proceedings. The NLRB may issue a bargaining order when the effect of unfair labor practices by employers prevents a fair election from being held. The unionization process is not always welcome by employers and sometimes-illegal activity will go on to make it difficult to implement the process. Section 8 of the NLRA outlines specific behavior, which is unacceptable for employers. Cornell and Harvard Universities did research on employer coercion, harassment and firings, due to union campaigns, these findings were:  § One in four employers fires workers who are active in union campaigns-in all, it’s estimated that at least 10,000 workers are fired each year for exercising the freedom to join a union.  § Ninety-one percent of employers, when faced with employees who want to join together in a union force employees to attend closed-door meetings to hear anti-union propaganda. 80 percent require immediate supervisors to attend training sessions on how to attack unions; and 79 percent have supervisors deliver anti-union messages to workers they oversee.  § Eighty percent hire outside consultants to run anti-union campaigns, often based on mass psychology and distorting the law.  § Half of employers threaten to shut down if employees join together in a union. Martin Jay Levitt, who had been among the fiercest hired guns brought in to fight organizing campaigns, said there were more than 7,000 attorneys and consultants who made their living busting unions. All told, the union busting industry had grown more than a billion dollars a year. Levitt, who planned and ran more than 250 union-busting campaigns across the country before renouncing the profession, described in detail the manipulation, dirty-tricks, abuse of the law and disregard for lives that are all part of a corporate campaign against a union drive. â€Å"Some corporate executives I encountered liked to think of their anti-union consultants as generals. But really the consultants are terrorists. Like political terrorists, the consultants’ attacks are intensely personal,† he wrote. â€Å"Terrorists do not make factories and air strips their victims; they choose instead crippled old men and school children. Likewise, as the consultants go about the business of destroying unions, they invade people’s lives, demolish their friendships, crush their will and shatter their families.† Levitt’s standard operating procedures not only included investigating police records, personnel files, medical records and the family lives of union proponents to find a way to discredit them, but in the absence of any good ammunition he would simply concoct something to do the job. â€Å"To fell the sturdiest union supporters in the 1970s, I frequently launched rumors that the target worker was gay or was cheating on his wife,† he wrote. â€Å"It was a very effective technique, particularly in blue-collar towns.† Sharon Fisher’s voice quivers when she talks about it. Ed Platt gets angry still. Ron Heller was shocked when the police looked the other way. Debbie Shallenburger says it’s un-American, what happened to the hard-working citizens of her community. It’s been a year since UAW members recessed their 17-month strike at Caterpillar plants in three states. But in and around East Peoria, Illinois, home of Caterpillar’s corporate offices, Local 974 members and spouses still talk about the gang of thugs who brought terror to their quiet communities. They would cruise up and down the streets of Peoria, East Peoria, and suburbs like Washington, Pekin, and Metamora, often parking in front of the homes of UAW members. They would videotape family members in front of their own homes, at restaurants and stores, while they were driving. They learned the names of children, and called to them by their first names. They even left a flashlight inside the locked car of one worker’s daughter, just to show that they had been there. It was all part of a huge intimidation campaign, and it got even rougher on the picket line where gang members assaulted women, provoked men to fight back, and used videotape to get workers fired. When they went to the local police for help, they were treated like criminals. Later they learned that the state police were against them, too. Who are these goons who roamed the streets of working class neighborhoods, protected by the law while terrorizing decent, law-abiding people? They’re employees of Vance International–the same gang of thugs hired to clamp down on coal miners in West Virginia, schoolteachers in Cleveland, aerospace workers in St. Louis, and, today, newspaper workers in Detroit. When spying and provocation aren’t enough, Vance’s APT goons resort to violence like the assault that has left Detroit newspaper striker Vito Sciuto permanently scarred and still suffering violent seizures more than a year after brain surgery. Sciuto, a mailer, was smashed in the skull with a heavy piece of wood when 20 APT thugs formed a tight V-shaped wedge and marched out of a distribution center gate into a circle of peaceful pickets. The goal that night, a Vance employee told a reporter, was â€Å"to hurt people.† Detroit police watched the Vance riot, but no arrests were made. I feel once again that I have thoroughly covered the questions given. I put quite a bit of time into researching each part of the question. I was appalled at a lot of the information that I read, especially at Caterpillar and in Detroit. The examples I chose were the best out of many, which I had found. I really got into this essay and I hope you enjoy reading it as much as I did writing it. (Seriously) How to cite The Labor Orgnizations, Papers